1916. First launching of an airplane in flight from another one of greater spread.

1916. First launching of an airplane in flight from another one of greater spread.

The 17 of May of 1916, carried out the first launching of an airplane in flight from another larger ones. One was the prototype of hydroplane Felixtowe Porte Baby, that owned a spread of 37,80 M.s and a biplane Bristol Scout C., that went mounted on the upper wing of the hydroplane.

Both airplanes piloted by J.C. Porter and M.J. Day respectively. They reached the height of 300 M.s, and they separated in the heat of flight cleanly, this was the first time in the history of the aviation that took place resemblance maneuvers.

1919. First flight on the Atlantic.

Lor Northcliffe, proprietor of the English newspaper Daily Mail, established first of April of 1913 a prize of 10.000 pounds sterling for those who managed for the first time to fly on the Atlantic Ocean with I separate heavier than the air. World War I interrupted the febrile works of the pioneers who tried to send themselves to undertake a company of so audacious nature for those times; since only the Brothers Wright had realised their first flight. Finalized World War I, it immediately continued the initiative of construction, as much of pilots as of constructors. These had to realise the crossing without using more than 72 hrs., which meant just a short time.

They could realise more than a water landing during the passage, neither could participate in the attempt, nor pilots, nor airplanes that had fought against the English, in the war. Also the participation of military pilots was prohibited.

Of all the apparatuses available of that time it was chosen to a twin-engine bomber of name Vickers Vimy, that completely was undressed of its fighting capabilitieses. The apparatus was trusting John Alcock and Arthur Whitten the Browns, who quickly sent themselves to complete the preparations for the trip.

They realised a unique trial run, a short flight, the eighteen of April of 1919, and days later they moved yet its equipment made Newfoundland in the coast of Canada with the airplane totally disassembled, to be armed in American earth. Already installed in Newfoundland, they carried out some test flights, and the 14 of June of 1919 the English pilots decided to undertake the passage. They did it to 1,25 hours, when I separate overloaded from gasoline initiated its bamboleante race by the rudimentary track.

After an injured and risky flight of more than 3.000 km, with a duration of 16 hours and 27 minutes, in means of the dark and rain and the snow that lasted sixteen hour and a half, the dangerous aviators arrived at English earth. In that flight they wore a coat with 197 letters, and so one became the first transatlantic airmail.

The Vicvkers Vimy MK” had 20.72 M.s, of spread 13.72 M.s, length 4.76 M.s, height and 123.53 m2 of wing area. 5.670 kg weighed, totally loaded. It owned two motors Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII of 365 HP. The terminal velocity was of 166 km, per hour and reached an altitude of 2,134 M.s

First flight between two cities transporting fleeting.

First flight between two cities transporting fleeting.

Pilot Theodore Macaulay realised the 15 of May of 1914, first the flights of the history of aviation between two cities taking fleeting on board. Ester flights took place, this flights took place between the cities of Toronto and Hamilton, Canada, in a hydroplane made by Curtis.
First regular flight of a line area

Anthony Janus, pilot of the Benois Company, realised first of January of 1914, the first regular flight of an airline that took to a passenger from St. Petesburgo (in the state from Florida to Tampa, in the same state) EE.UU., using a hydroplane Benoist two-seater. Although the distance was not considerable represented a feat.
First airplane sent by a catapult from a boat in movement.
The 6 of November of 1915, the lieutenant commander H. Musting, piloting a hydroplane Curtiss AB-2, is catapult from the armored USS North Carolina, while the boat was sailing, which constituted the first maneuver of that type, realised from a ship in movement.

First airplane totally metalist Junkers J1.
The 12 of December of 1915 were realised in German
ia the first flight of an airplane entirely metalist. One was the Junkers J1, call “Blechesel”, that were designed and constructed by the German Hugo Junkers, airplane that soon it would perfect.

First crossing in airplane of the English Channel

1909. First crossing in airplane of the English Channel.

Motivated by it rewards of 1000 pounds sterling offered by the lodinense newspaper: Daily Mail, to whom it would manage to cross the first English Channel, flying in an apparatus heavier than the air, the constructor, aviator and French pioneer Loui Bleriot, decided to try passage in one of the airplanes by the constructed ones, the 25 of June of 1909. It did it in Bleriot XI, an airplane of eight meters in length, that owned a wood structure, done with horizontal and vertical crosspieces, reinforced with metallic braces. The wing that had a spread of 7,8 meters was had with fabric, in the same way that the front part of the apparatus. The undercarriage constituted a frame with two horizontal crossbeams, two vertical posts and two legs reinforced constructed in wood last and maintained by steel cables., also owned two steel cable pillars, that had wharf shock absorbers. These were united to the adjustable brackets of the wheels that were of bicycle and which they had a diameter of 24 centimeters.

It had a Anzani motor of three cylinders that was cooled by air and reached 1400 RPM, driving a Chauviere helix of two meters of dimensions. Its speed reached the 58 kilometers per hour; totally loaded the airplane 300 kg weighed.

Blériot initiated its historical flight, around the 4:30 hours of the dawn of day 25 of June of 1909.

Starting off from the port of Calais, and it landed in Dover England to the 5:17 hours of the same day, of somewhat abrupt way since when doing it in a field, it broke the helix and the undercarriage. It could not follow a direct route through the English Channel, because it was pushed by the wind made the north, and possibly found a destiny place, following the same direction of the boats beached in the coast.

As a result of this success, Bleriot, that as much in England as in France, was acclaimed like a hero, managed to sell more than 100 of these apparatuses that were used like military airplanes in several countries.

First landing and takeoff of an airplane from a boat

1911. First landing and takeoff of an airplane from of the bridge of a boat, EE: U:

At the request of a civilian and with the collaboration of the Navy of the EE.UU., it was realised the 4 of November of 1910, a flight from the bridge preparation on the tower of artillery of the cruise military Birmingham.

The 18 of January of 1911, piloting a biplane, Curtis Eugene Ely managed to realise the first landing in the history of aviation in a boat, for such effect, had modified the zone of stern of the armored cruise Pennsylvania, that was anchored in the Bay of San Francisco. To the boat a wood cover had been constructed to him, similar to which later will take the aircraft carrier.

Ely managed to settle in the platform of the battleship, and 50 minutes later, dequeued from the same, before the row of the crew. Minutes later the airplane landed in the military air base of Selfridge, in Michigan. The triumph had been full, and with this historical fact they were born the aircraft carrier.

LANDMARKS IN THE HISTORY OF AVIATION

LANDMARKS IN THE HISTORY OF AVIATION

1903. First flight certificate of an airplane more weight do than the air. The flight of the brothers Wright

The first airplane with motor heavier than the air, flew the 17 of December of 1903, in the beach of Kltfy Hawk located in the locality of Weak Kill Sand HIII, in the state of Carolina of the North, piloted by Orville Wright. The strange device crossed 36 meters and constituted the beginning of the true development of modern aviation.

The apparatus had been made by the brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright. It reached a speed of 13.5 meters per second and flew during 12 seconds.

The flight was realised with great difficulty by the inexperience of the pilot to lead its machine.

Both brothers continued perfecting their primitive called airplane Flyer, and in the spring of 1904, using another greater and robust airplane already, with a motor of vertical cylinders of 16 horsepowers, they began to realise tests in the neighborhoods of Dayton, Ohio. To these they took them flights to acquire great experience in the pilotage and to reach distances every time majors. It is so the 9 of November of 1904, managed to surpass the five minutes of flight in which they reached to cross 4,600 meters.

In 1907, Wilbur starts off for Europe try do to commercialize the airplanes made by them; nevertheless, these attempts were not successful and was in the EE.UU., December of 1907, that receive the first official order of the Department military, which consisted of the manufacture of an apparatus that required its later evaluation.

In fact, the total success of the airplane of the brothers Wright consolidated the 8 of August of 1908, in the fields of Le Mans, France, when in comparative flights with other European apparatuses, it was very to superior in his maneuverability and agility, which was worth a great amount to them of orders and the request of several European companies of the license to construct them in the continent.

Original the Flyer airplane had Canard configuration (duck), increasing this way its lifts-to-drag ratio. The horizontal planes were then cough in front of the wings, and were movable and biplanes. The airplane owned a sliding chair, with which the pilot moved to regulate the inclination of the trailing edge of the end of the wings, and the angles of the vertical elevation to be able to control the cross-sectional operation.

It had a structure done completely in wood and was had with light fabric. The metal was only used to unite the different parts from tensile cables gig boat transmission of the two fans. Pose fan two with deduction of 0.28, and a motor cooled by liquid with a vertical radiator of great size. The gross weight of the apparatus was of 342 kg Had a wing area of 47.38 m2 and one spread of 12.28 meters. Their helices had a diameter of 2.60 meters, the motor of the original Flyer tapeworm 12 horsepower and reached the 1,020 RPM